Genome is the complete set of DNA, including the coding and non-coding regions. The genome has all the information required for survival. Any defect in the genome, in terms of their sequence (also called mutations), can give rise to genetic disorders. Certain mutations in the DNA can make us susceptible to an adverse reaction of various drugs. Occasionally, one may carry a mutation or deletion of short stretches of DNA in their genome and remain unaffected. These people are called carriers. However, their children have a high risk to carry the same mutation and present a phenotype.
All these problems end up with multiple questions in our mind. How do we know these details? How do I protect myself and my family from genetic disorders? Is there a way to take preventive measures? Can I get treatment for genetic disorders? Can we cure them? And so on. All of these questions can be answered only if we know and understand our genome. Towards addressing these problems, our nation has initiated multiple research, consortiums and awareness programs.